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安装认证模块：

apt install libsasl2-modules
#如需pcre匹配安装
#apt install postfix-pcre

修改/etc/postfix/main.cf添加：

myhostname=pve.lan
#配置文件内有relayhost要先注释，465端口是SMTPS，587端口是STARTTLS
relayhost = smtp.qq.com:465

#此参数被smtp_tls_security_level取代
#smtp_use_tls = yes
#使用SMTPS非STARTTLS加密方式
smtp_tls_wrappermode = yes
#加密级别
smtp_tls_security_level = encrypt
smtp_tls_CAfile = /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt

smtp_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtp_sasl_password_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/sasl_passwd
smtp_sasl_security_options = noanonymous

#本地用户替换为smtp认证用户，smtp_generic_maps和sender_canonical_maps都可以
smtp_generic_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/generic
#sender_canonical_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/sender_canonical
#使用pcre匹配本机用户
#sender_canonical_maps = pcre:/etc/postfix/sender_pcre_canonical
#header检查并替换发送者名称
smtp_header_checks = pcre:/etc/postfix/smtp_header_checks

sender_canonical或generic映射本机用户到smtp账号：

cat /etc/postfix/generic
#本机所有用户，注意pve.lan为主配置文件myhostname
@pve.lan support@haiyun.me
#下面2个等效
root support@haiyun.me
root@pve.lan support@haiyun.me

正则映射：

cat /etc/postfix/sender_pcre_canonical
#匹配所有hostname和所有用户
/.*/ support@haiyun.me

smtp账号密码：

cat /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd
smtp.qq.com support@haiyun.me:password

生成hash数据库，pcre不用生成：

postmap /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd
postmap /etc/postfix/generic
postmap /etc/postfix/sender_canonical

替换发件人姓名：

cat /etc/postfix/smtp_header_checks 
/^From:.*/ REPLACE From: 重要通知 <support@haiyun.me>

发送邮件测试：

apt install bsd-mailx
echo "www.haiyun.me" |mail -s test support@haiyun.me
echo "test" | /usr/bin/pvemailforward

将其它用户邮件转发到root用户：

cat /etc/aliases
postmaster: root
nobody: root
#也可使用~/.forward 
#root: support@haiyun.me

postalias /etc/aliases

将root用户邮件转发到外部邮箱：

cat ~/.forward 
support@haiyun.me

参考：
https://serverfault.com/questions/717719/how-can-i-strip-or-rewrite-the-senders-name-of-a-from-address-when-using-postfi
https://forum.proxmox.com/threads/get-postfix-to-send-notifications-email-externally.59940/

先查看usb是否识别ups:

lsusb
Bus 001 Device 054: ID 051d:0002 American Power Conversion Uninterruptible Power Supply

安装：

apt install nut-server nut-client

配置nut运行为服务器模式，可控制多台电脑。

/etc/nut/nut.conf 
MODE=netserver

设置nut和ups连接方式，修改此配置后需重新启动upsdrvctl start生效。

/etc/nut/ups.conf
[myups]
       driver = usbhid-ups
       port = auto
       desc = "APC UPS"
       #忽略低电量和低运行时间，有的断电后会马上关机
       ignorelb
       #重写ups返回的低电量和低运行时间值，可用于控制停电时关机时间，满足一个关机，-1为禁用此项
       override.battery.charge.low = 99
       override.battery.runtime.low = -1
       #可以都设置为-1禁用ups低电量自动关机，使用下面的脚本自定义关机

连接ups，nut-server启动时自动加载，usb拔出后需手工启动。

upsdrvctl start

设置nut server监听ip和端口：

/etc/nut/upsd.conf 
LISTEN 0.0.0.0 3493

设置客户端连接验证密码：

/etc/nut/upsd.users
#管理员可set更改ups内变量参数，master可设置FSD关机标签，slave收到通知后关机
[admin]
    password = 123456
    actions = SET FSD
    instcmds = ALL
    upsmon master
[user1]
    password = 123456
    actions = FSD
    #instcmds = ALL
    upsmon master
#别的电脑连接使用此用户
[user2]
    password = 123456
    #actions = SET
    #instcmds = ALL
    upsmon slave

设置upsmon客户端连接nut server监控ups状态，当断电后执行关机等操作：

/etc/nut/upsmon.conf 
MONITOR myups@localhost 1 user1 123456 master

upsmon默认监控断电且ups电量过低时执行关机，可自定义关机：

upsmon.conf 
NOTIFYCMD /sbin/upssched
#当使用电池来电时syslog并执行上面的命令
NOTIFYFLAG ONBATT SYSLOG+EXEC
NOTIFYFLAG ONLINE SYSLOG+EXEC

upssched自定义操作：

/etc/nut/upssched.conf 
CMDSCRIPT /usr/local/bin/upssched
#此目录nut要可写
PIPEFN /run/nut/upssched.pipe
LOCKFN /run/nut/upssched.lock
#断电10秒后执行上面脚本并发送power-off参数
AT ONBATT * START-TIMER power-off 10
#来电后取消上面定时
AT ONLINE * CANCEL-TIMER power-off

关机脚本，要添加可执行权限：

/usr/local/bin/upssched
#! /bin/sh

case $1 in
  power-off)
    /sbin/upsmon -c fsd
    ;;
  *)
    logger -t upssched "Unrecognized command: $1"
    ;;
esac

启动并查看ups信息：

systemctl restart nut-server.service 
systemctl restart nut-client.service 
upsc myups

配置nut-cgi web管理界面：

apt install nut-cgi --no-install-recommends fcgiwrap nginx

nut-cgi连接nut-server配置：

/etc/nut/hosts.conf
MONITOR myups@localhost 1 user1 123456 master

nginx配置文件：

server {
  listen     89;
  charset utf-8;
 
  location /{
    alias /usr/share/nut/www/;
    try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
  }
 
  location /cgi-bin/nut/ {
    gzip off;
    alias /usr/lib/cgi-bin/nut/;
    include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params;
    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/lib/$fastcgi_script_name;
    fastcgi_pass  unix:/var/run/fcgiwrap.socket;
  }
  access_log off;
}

nut web界面效果：

参考：
https://loganmarchione.com/2017/02/raspberry-pi-ups-monitor-with-nginx-web-monitoring/
https://srackham.wordpress.com/2013/02/27/configuring-nut-for-the-eaton-3s-ups-on-ubuntu-linux/
https://alainlam.cn/?p=56
https://untitled.pw/hardware-iot/2767.html
https://www.wangchucheng.com/zh/posts/setting-up-ups-with-nut-on-linux/
https://forums.contribs.org/index.php?topic=44443.0

由于windows不包含VirtIO驱动，PVE默认使用ide硬盘很卡，在新建虚拟机时将硬盘ide调整为scsi，额外新建一个cd驱动器挂载virtio-win iso，然后在windows安装界面加载挂载的驱动，windows7最新可用版本为virtio-win-0.1.173。

windows7安装完成后设备管理器有一未识别设备，下载windows6.x-hypervintegrationservices-x64管理员运行powershell安装。

Dism /online /Add-Package /PackagePath:C:\windows6.x-hypervintegrationservices-x64.cab

参考：
https://forum.proxmox.com/threads/unknown-device-in-win7-vm.49698/
https://forum.proxmox.com/threads/windows-7-and-virtio-drivers-no-signed-drivers-found-for-0-1-185-and-0-1-190-or-bsod-with-0-1-189.79708/
https://pve.proxmox.com/wiki/Paravirtualized_Block_Drivers_for_Windows
https://pve.proxmox.com/wiki/Windows_7_guest_best_practices
https://pve.proxmox.com/wiki/Windows_VirtIO_Drivers

安装smb/samba客户端及手工挂载：

apt-get install cifs-utils
mount -t cifs -o user=user,pass=pass,file_mode=0644,dir_mode=0755 //192.168.1.1/share /mnt/
#有的参数不一样并需要指定版本
#mount -t cifs -o username=user,password=pass,iocharset=utf8,vers=3.0 //192.168.1.1/temp /mnt/

修改fstab配置文件开机自动挂载：

cat /etc/fstab
//192.168.1.1/share /mnt               cifs    user=user,pass=pass 0       0

如果中文乱码先查看编码是否为utf8：

cat /etc/default/locale 
LANG="en_US.UTF-8"
LANGUAGE="en_US:en"
#LANG="zh_CN.UTF-8"
#LANGUAGE="zh_CN:zh"

查看是否安装nls_utf8内核模块：

ls /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/kernel/fs/nls/nls_utf8.ko

安装nls_utf8内核模块：

apt install linux-modules-extra-$(uname -r)

还是不行挂载添加指定utf8编码：

iocharset=utf8

参考：
https://askubuntu.com/questions/519796/unable-to-mount-cifs-with-iocharset-utf8