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起始IP方式匹配：

<?php 
$ips = array('192.168.1.1-192.168.1.254','192.168.0.1-192.168.0.254','192.168.3.1-192.168.3.254','192.168.4.1-192.168.4.254');
foreach ($ips as $ip) {
  list($start, $end) = explode('-', $ip);
  //去除32位下负数
  $start = sprintf("%u", ip2long($start));
  $end = sprintf("%u",ip2long($end));
  $newips[] = array($start, $end);
}

function my_sort($a, $b) {
  if ($a[0] == $b[0])
    return 0;
  return ($a[0] < $b[0]) ? -1 : 1;
}

//从大到小排序，IP段较多时可以使用2分查找或多分。
usort($newips, 'my_sort'); 
$matchip = '192.168.1.22';
$matchip = sprintf("%u",ip2long($matchip));
foreach ($newips as $value) {
  if ($matchip > $value[0] && $matchip < $value[1])
    echo "匹配IP段：". long2ip($value[0]) . '-' . long2ip($value[1]) . "\n";
}

CIDR方式匹配：

<?php
function cidr_match($ip, $range)
{
  list ($subnet, $bits) = explode('/', $range);
  $ip = ip2long($ip);
  $subnet = ip2long($subnet);
  $mask = -1 << (32 - $bits);
  $subnet &= $mask;
  return ($ip & $mask) == $subnet;
}
var_dump(cidr_match('192.168.1.22', '192.168.1.0/24'));

CIDR获取IP段起始IP地址：

<?php
function cidrToRange($cidr) {
  $range = array();
  $cidr = explode('/', $cidr);
  $range[0] = long2ip((ip2long($cidr[0])) & ((-1 << (32 - (int)$cidr[1]))));
  $range[1] = long2ip((ip2long($cidr[0])) + pow(2, (32 - (int)$cidr[1])) - 1);
  return $range;
}
var_dump(cidrToRange("192.168.1.1/24"));

参考：
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4931721/getting-list-ips-from-cidr-notation-in-php
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/594112/matching-an-ip-to-a-cidr-mask-in-php5

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